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This example is animated with attrTween, if you hover pie partions you will get it.
At the begining, I got two mistakes:
Chained outerRadius attribute with arc generator, which make arc generator with a fixed outerRadius;
Constructing path works fine, but I forget every path tag doesn't bind the outerRadius data. After posting help on stackflow, I get the answer.
The code is enlighted by Mike Bostock's Extending Arcs.
https://d3js.org/d3.v3.min.js