axes and margins

<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js"></script>
  <style>
    body { margin:0;position:fixed;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0; }
    .chart {
      border: 1px solid hotpink;
    }
    svg {
      background-color: #f3f9fc;
      border: 1px solid blue;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="chart"></div>

const svg = d3.select('.chart')
      .append('svg')
        .attr('width', width + margin.left + margin.right)
        .attr('height', height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
      .append('g')
        .attr('transform', 'translate(' + margin.left + ', ' + margin.top + ')');

svg.append('rect')
    	.attr('width', width)
    	.attr('height', height)
    	.attr('fill', 'lightblue')
    	.attr('stroke', 'green');

const yScale = d3.scaleLinear()
    	.domain([0, 100])
    	.range([height, 0]);

const yAxis = d3.axisLeft(yScale)
    	.ticks(10);
    	//.tickValues([0, 100]);

// add the axis by passing it into d3.call (and wrap it in a <g>)
    svg.append('g')
      .call(yAxis);

// let's make a date-based x axis
    const xScale = d3.scaleTime()
    	.domain([new Date(2017, 0, 1), new Date(2017, 1, 1)])
    	.range([0, width]);

const xAxis = d3.axisBottom(xScale)
    	.ticks(5)
    	.tickSize(20)
    	.tickPadding(10);

svg.append('g')
    	.attr('transform', `translate(0, ${height})`)
      .call(xAxis);
  </script>
</body>

https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js