Robinson

The Robinson projection is available as d3.geo.robinson in the geo.projection plugin.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<style>

body {
  background: #fcfcfa;
}

.stroke {
  fill: none;
  stroke: #000;
  stroke-width: 3px;
}

.fill {
  fill: #fff;
}

.graticule {
  fill: none;
  stroke: #777;
  stroke-width: .5px;
  stroke-opacity: .5;
}

.land {
  fill: #222;
}

.boundary {
  fill: none;
  stroke: #fff;
  stroke-width: .5px;
}

</style>
<body>
<script src="//d3js.org/d3.v3.min.js"></script>
<script src="//d3js.org/d3.geo.projection.v0.min.js"></script>
<script src="//d3js.org/topojson.v1.min.js"></script>
<script>

var width = 960,
    height = 500;

var projection = d3.geo.robinson()
    .scale(150)
    .translate([width / 2, height / 2])
    .precision(.1);

var path = d3.geo.path()
    .projection(projection);

var graticule = d3.geo.graticule();

var slider = d3.select("body").append("input")
    .attr('type', 'range')
    .attr('min', -180)
    .attr('max', 180)
    .attr('value', 0)
    .on('input', (e) => {
      projection.rotate([slider.node().value, 0])
      render()
    })

d3.select("body").append("br")

var svg = d3.select("body").append("svg")
    .attr("width", width)
    .attr("height", height);

svg.append("defs").append("path")
    .datum({type: "Sphere"})
    .attr("id", "sphere")
    .attr("d", path);

svg.append("use")
    .attr("class", "stroke")
    .attr("xlink:href", "#sphere");

svg.append("use")
    .attr("class", "fill")
    .attr("xlink:href", "#sphere");

svg.append("path")
    .datum(graticule)
    .attr("class", "graticule")
    .attr("d", path);

var world

d3.json("/../../data/world-50m.json", function(error, d) {
  if (error) throw error;
  world = d

svg.insert("path", ".graticule")
  .datum(topojson.feature(world, world.objects.land))
  .attr("class", "land")

svg.select(".boundary").remove()
  svg.insert("path", ".graticule")
      .datum(topojson.mesh(world, world.objects.countries, function(a, b) { return a !== b; }))
      .attr("class", "boundary")

render()
});

function render() {
  svg.select(".graticule")
    .attr("d", path);

svg.select(".land")
    .attr("d", path);

svg.select(".boundary")
      .attr("d", path);

}

d3.select(self.frameElement).style("height", height + "px");

</script>

Changed /mbostock/raw/4090846/world-50m.json to a local referenece

https://d3js.org/d3.v3.min.js

https://d3js.org/d3.geo.projection.v0.min.js

https://d3js.org/topojson.v1.min.js