A simple walk-though of building sliced concentric arcs using d3.v4.

A simple walk-through of preparing data to draw concentric arcs using d3.v4. Some of the d3.v4 features used:

There are many other arc examples too:

https://bl.ocks.org/lelandlee/e068c5fc42294089b55b
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <style>
        .arc path {
            stroke: #fff;
        }

#arcsChart {
            height: 500px;
            width: 500px;
            position: relative;
        }

#arcsInfo {
            position: absolute;
            top:50%;
            left:50%;
            transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
            color: #666;
            font-size: 20px;
            z-index: 2;
            text-align: center;
        }

</style>
    <script src="//d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="arcsChart">
        <div id="arcsInfo"><span style="font-size: 12px">move mouse over coloured arcs!</span></div>
    </div>
    <script>
    var numberWithCommas = function (d) {
        if (d === undefined) return "undefined";
        else return d.toString().replace(/\B(?=(\d{3})+(?!\d))/g, ",");
    };

var scoreColor = function (score) {
        var color = 'silver';
        switch (score) {
            case "1.0":
                color = "green";
                break;
            case "0.8":
                color = "orange";
                break;
            case "0.6":
                color = "gold";
                break;
            case "0.0":
                color = "grey";
                break;
            default:
                color = "silver";
        }
        return color;
    };

d3.csv("./test-data.csv", function (error, data) {
        if (error) throw error;

/* The first column, "score", looks like a number, but in this use-case it's treated as an
         * ordinal (ordered categorical) and so it's not converted.
         * The second column, "tests", is a pipe-separated string where different tests (known as
         * 'Ha', 'Ch', 'Li', 'Ca', 'Pr' have binary pass/fail values.
         * The third column, "count", is intended to be the count of samples with this combination
         * of scores and tests results.
         *
         * First get the count to be a number. */
        data.forEach(function(el, idx) {
            data[idx].count = +data[idx].count;
        });

/* Oddly, there are entries in this data with the same score and tests but with different
         * count values. Normally one would fix that problem at the point where the test-data.csv
         * is created. For this example, we'll re-combine/re-group/re-nest the data using d3.nest.*/
        var nested = d3.nest()
                .key(function(d) {return [d.score, d.tests]})
                .entries(data);

/* The `nested` data is an array of objects. Each object has a "key" which is a string
         * coercion of the `d.score` and `d.tests` from the `.key()` of the `d3.nest()` above.
         * Each object also has a "values" array where each entry is the object from the original
         * `data` - the parameter to the `.entries` of the `d3.nest()` above.
         *
         * What is wanted is the original `.score`, the original `.tests` and a new `.count` being
         * the sum of the `.count` from the "values" array. */
        var data2 = nested.map(function(el) {
            // Instead of re-parsing the "key" (undoing the coercion into a string) it's easier to
            // pick up the values from the zero-th element of the "values" - there will always be at
            // least one entry, and - given the `nest().key()` function - always the same.
            return {score: el.values[0].score,
                    tests: el.values[0].tests,
                    count: d3.sum(el.values, function(d) { return d.count; })};
        });

/* The goal is to draw something which starts off like a pie chart - where each slice is one
         * of the ordinal "score" values. Within each slice, concentric arcs are to represent the
         * proportion of that score where the different "tests" were passed.
         *
         * A data structure like this seems to suit the problem:
         * var arcsData = [  // Will be the list of slices
         *    {score: "score",
         *     total: <total-for-score>,
         *     tests: [  // Will be the list of arcs
         *          {test: "test",
         *           total: <total-for-test-within-this-score>},
         *          ...
         *    ]
         *   },
         *   ...
         * ];
         *
         */
        var arcsData = [];
        data2.forEach(function(el) {
            // Is this score already in the slices?
            var scoreIdx = arcsData
                    .map(function(slice) { return slice.score})
                    .indexOf(el.score);
            if (scoreIdx === -1) {
                // Not there? Add a zero value
                scoreIdx = arcsData.push({score: el.score,
                                          total: 0,
                                          tests: []}) - 1;
            }

// Update the slice/score total
            arcsData[scoreIdx].total += el.count;

// Add the tests. We'll want the slices to have entries for every test - even those
            // where none passed.
            ['Pr', 'Ca', 'Ha', 'Li', 'Ch'].forEach(function(test) {
                var testIdx = arcsData[scoreIdx].tests
                        .map(function(t) {return t.test; })
                        .indexOf(test);
                if (testIdx === -1) {
                    testIdx = arcsData[scoreIdx].tests.push({test: test,
                                                             total: 0}) - 1;
                }
                if (el.tests.indexOf(test + '1') != -1) {
                    // For this element `el` in the data2, did it pass the test `test`? In this
                    // case yes it did, so we can update the test's total.
                    arcsData[scoreIdx].tests[testIdx].total += el.count;
                }
            })

});

/* Start up some d3 */
        var width = parseInt(getComputedStyle(
                document.querySelector('#arcsChart')).getPropertyValue('width'));
        var radius = width / 2;

var svg = d3.select("#arcsChart").append("svg")
                .attr("width", width)
                .attr("height", width)// it being circular in shape ..
            .append("g")
                .attr("transform", "translate(" + width / 2 + "," + width / 2 + ")");

var info = d3.select('#arcsInfo');

/* Expects to be given a slice of the data. It will give us the startAngle for each slice */
        var slice = d3.pie()
                .sort(null)
                .value(function (d) {
                    return d.total;
                });

var testInnerRadii = {
            'Pr': radius - 100,
            'Ca': radius - 80,
            'Ha': radius - 60,
            'Li': radius - 40,
            'Ch': radius - 20
        };

// Build our concentric arcs.
        var concentricArcs = d3.merge(
            // First run our data through `slice` (the `d3.pie()`) to get the startAngle and
            // endAngle values
            slice(arcsData).map(function (slice) {
                // Each slice has a number of arcs (which is why we have to flatten them later
                // using the `d3.merge`.

// A scale to give an endAngle for the arc which is ranged over the slice's
                // angles. By this time, the `arcsData` has been through the `slice` function so
                // the underlying data is within the `.data` object (see slice.data.total)
                var sliceArcScale = d3.scaleLinear()
                        .range([slice.startAngle, slice.endAngle])
                        .domain([0, slice.data.total]);

// When the data for the `d3.arc()` generator has attributes for startAngle,
                // endAngle, innerRadius, outerRadius you can use `d3.arc()` without needing to
                // define accessors for them. These will also be reused for the background arcs.
                return slice.data.tests.map(function (test) {
                    var innerRadius = testInnerRadii[test.test];
                    var endAngle = sliceArcScale(test.total);
                    return {
                        startAngle: slice.startAngle,
                        endAngle: endAngle,
                        padAngle: 0,
                        innerRadius: innerRadius,
                        outerRadius: innerRadius + 16,

arcName: test.test,
                        sliceName: slice.data.score,
                        sliceTotal: slice.data.total,
                        sliceEndAngle: slice.endAngle,
                        total: test.total,
                        fill: scoreColor(slice.data.score)};
                })
            })
        );

// The difference for the background arcs is that they all share the slice's endAngle.
        var concentricBackgrounds = concentricArcs.map(function(arc) {
            var shallowCopy = Object.assign({}, arc);
            shallowCopy.endAngle = shallowCopy.sliceEndAngle;
            return shallowCopy;
        });

// A rough-n-ready way of showing what arc is what.
        function mouseOver(d) {
            info.html('<p>score: ' + d.sliceName + '<br/>'
                    + numberWithCommas(d.sliceTotal)
                    + ' (' + (100. * d.sliceTotal / d3.sum(arcsData, function(s) {
                return s.total;})).toFixed(2) + '%)'
                    + '<br/>' + numberWithCommas(d.total)
                    + ' (' + (100. * d.total / d.sliceTotal).toFixed(2)
                    + '% of ' + d.sliceName + ')<br>test: ' + d.arcName + '</p>');
        }

function mouseOut(d) { info.html(''); }

// This works as our concentricArcs and concentricBackgrounds (above) generated objects with
        // the required attributes of startAngle, endAngle, innerRadius, outerRadius.
        var arc = d3.arc();

// Build background arcs using the concentricBackgrounds data.
        var background = svg.selectAll('.arc-backgrounds')
                .data(concentricBackgrounds)
            .enter()
                .append("path")
                .style("fill", "#f3f3f3")  // pale grey
                .on("mouseover", mouseOver)
                .on("mouseout", mouseOut)
                .attr("d", arc);

// Build the tests arcs using the conentricArcs data.
        var testArcs = svg.selectAll(".arc")
                .data(concentricArcs)
            .enter().append("g")
                .attr("class", "arc")
                .on("mouseover", mouseOver)
                .on("mouseout", mouseOut)
                .append("path")
                .attr("d", arc)
                .style("fill", function (d) { return d.fill; });
    });

</script>
</body>
</html>

https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js