Peirce Equatorial

The equatorial aspect of the Peirce quincuncial projection, which is available in d3-geo-projection. By setting the clip angle to 90°, you can produce the Adams hemisphere-in-a-square projection.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<style>

.graticule {
  fill: none;
  stroke: #777;
  stroke-width: 0.5px;
  stroke-opacity: 0.5;
}

.land {
  fill: #222;
}

.boundary {
  fill: none;
  stroke: #fff;
  stroke-width: 0.5px;
}

</style>
<svg width="960" height="960"></svg>
<script src="//d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js"></script>
<script src="//d3js.org/d3-geo-projection.v1.min.js"></script>
<script src="//d3js.org/topojson.v1.min.js"></script>
<script>

var svg = d3.select("svg"),
    width = +svg.attr("width"),
    height = +svg.attr("height"),
    g = svg.append("g").attr("transform", "rotate(90 480,480)");

var projection = d3.geoPierceQuincuncial() // N.B. geoPeirceQuincuncial in 1.1+
    .scale(214)
    .translate([width / 2, height / 2])
    .rotate([0, 0, 45])
    .precision(0.1);

var path = d3.geoPath()
    .projection(projection);

var graticule = d3.geoGraticule();

g.append("path")
    .datum(graticule)
    .attr("class", "graticule")
    .attr("d", path);

g.append("path")
    .datum({type: "Sphere"})
    .attr("class", "sphere")
    .attr("d", path)
    .attr("fill", "none")
    .attr("stroke", "black");

d3.json("/../../data/world-50m.json", function(error, world) {
  if (error) throw error;

g.insert("path", ".graticule")
      .datum(topojson.feature(world, world.objects.land))
      .attr("class", "land")
      .attr("d", path);

g.insert("path", ".graticule")
      .datum(topojson.mesh(world, world.objects.countries, function(a, b) { return a !== b; }))
      .attr("class", "boundary")
      .attr("d", path);
});

</script>

Changed /mbostock/raw/4090846/world-50m.json to a local referenece

https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js

https://d3js.org/d3-geo-projection.v1.min.js

https://d3js.org/topojson.v1.min.js