D3 Examples - Composing multiple forces and constraints with Random Vertex Sampling

Composing multiple forces and constraints with Random Vertex Sampling

This example shows how to compose d3.forceManyBodySampled() with other forces and position constraints using the Les Miserables character interaction graph. Vertices repel each other using the Random Vertex Sampling algorithm; edges attract vertices, but the force is stronger for vertices within the same group; constraints confine vertices to rectangular regions based on the book volume that introduced each character; and each rectangular region has a gravitational force that draws the vertices of that region toward its center.

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<style>
​
body {
  background: white;
}
​
.bars line {
  stroke: #333;
  stroke-width: 1.5px;
  stroke-dasharray: 4px 10px;
}
​
.labels text {
  font: 12px sans-serif;
  text-anchor: middle;
}
​
.links line {
  stroke: #999;
  stroke-opacity: 0.6;
}
​
.nodes circle {
  fill: #d62333;
  stroke: #fff;
  stroke-width: 2px;
}
​
</style>
<svg></svg>
<script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v5.min.js"></script>
<script src="d3-force-sampled.js"></script>
<script>
​
var width = 960;
var height = 250;
var nodeRadius = d3.scaleSqrt().range([4, 10]);
var linkWidth = d3.scaleLinear().range([1, 2 * nodeRadius.range()[0]])
var padding = nodeRadius.range()[1] + 2;
var radius = Math.min(width - padding, height - padding)/2;
var xGravity = d3.scaleOrdinal();
var xMin = d3.scaleOrdinal();
var xMax = d3.scaleOrdinal();
​
var drag = d3.drag()
  .on('start', dragStart)
  .on('drag', dragging)
  .on('end', dragEnd);
​
var svg = d3.select('svg')
  .attr('width', width)
  .attr('height', height);
​
var linkForce = d3.forceLink()
  .id(function(d) { return d.id; })
  .strength(function (d) {
    if (d.source.firstVolume === d.target.firstVolume)
      return 0.2;
    else return Math.pow(0.05, Math.abs(+d.source.firstVolume - +d.target.firstVolume));
  });
​
var forceSim = d3.forceSimulation()
  .velocityDecay(0.2)
  .force('link', linkForce)
  .force('charge', d3.forceManyBodySampled())
  .force('forceX', d3.forceX().strength(0.01).x(function (d) { return xGravity(d.firstVolume); }))
  .force('forceY', d3.forceY().strength(0.01).y(function (d) { return height / 2; }));
​
d3.json('jean.json').then(function (graph) {
  var volumes = d3.set(graph.nodes.map(function (d) {
    d.firstVolume = d.chapters.map(function (c) { return c[0]; }).sort()[0];
    return d.firstVolume;
  })).values().sort();
​
  // Make sure small nodes are drawn on top of larger nodes
  graph.nodes.sort(function (a, b) { return b.chapters.length - a.chapters.length; });
​
  nodeRadius.domain([graph.nodes[graph.nodes.length-1].chapters.length, graph.nodes[0].chapters.length]);
​
  linkWidth.domain(d3.extent(graph.links, function (d) { return d.chapters.length; }));
​
  xGravity.domain(volumes).range(d3.range(0,volumes.length).map(function (d) { return width / (2 * volumes.length) + d * width / volumes.length; }));
  xMin.domain(volumes).range(d3.range(0,volumes.length).map(function (d) { return d * width / volumes.length; }));
  xMax.domain(volumes).range(d3.range(0,volumes.length).map(function (d) { return (d + 1) * width / volumes.length; }));
​
  graph.nodes.forEach(function (d) { d.x = xGravity(d.firstVolume) + width * (Math.random() - 0.5); d.y = height * (Math.random() - 0.5); });
​
  var bars = svg.append('g')
    .attr('class', 'bars')
    .selectAll('line')
    .data(volumes.slice(0, volumes.length - 1))
    .enter().append('line')
    .attr('x1', function (d) { return xMax(d); })
    .attr('y1', 0)
    .attr('x2', function (d) { return xMax(d); })
    .attr('y2', height);
​
  var labels = svg.append('g')
    .attr('class', 'labels')
    .selectAll('text')
    .data(volumes)
    .enter().append('text')
    .attr('x', function (d) { return xGravity(d); })
    .attr('y', height - 10)
    .attr('dy', '0.35em')
    .text(function (d) { return 'Vol. ' + d; });
​
  var link = svg.append('g')
    .attr('class', 'links')
    .selectAll('line')
    .data(graph.links)
    .enter().append('line')
    .attr('stroke-width', function (d) { return linkWidth(d.chapters.length); });
​
  var node = svg.append('g')
    .attr('class', 'nodes')
    .selectAll('circle')
    .data(graph.nodes)
    .enter().append('circle')
    .attr('r', function (d) { return nodeRadius(d.chapters.length); })
    .call(drag);
​
  node.append('title').text(function (d) { return d.name; });
​
  forceSim.nodes(graph.nodes)
    .on('tick', tick);
​
  forceSim.force('link').links(graph.links);
​
  function tick () {
    graph.nodes.forEach(function (d) {
      // Viewport constraint.
      if (d.y < 0 + nodeRadius(d.chapters.length)) d.y = nodeRadius(d.chapters.length);
      else if (d.y > height - nodeRadius(d.chapters.length)) d.y = height - nodeRadius(d.chapters.length);
​
      // Chapter boundary constraints.
      if (d.x < xMin(d.firstVolume) + nodeRadius(d.chapters.length) + 2) d.x = xMin(d.firstVolume) + nodeRadius(d.chapters.length) + 2;
      else if (d.x > xMax(d.firstVolume) - nodeRadius(d.chapters.length) - 2) d.x = xMax(d.firstVolume) - nodeRadius(d.chapters.length) - 2;
    });
​
    link
      .attr('x1', function (d) { return d.source.x; })
      .attr('x2', function (d) { return d.target.x; })
      .attr('y1', function (d) { return d.source.y; })
      .attr('y2', function (d) { return d.target.y; });
​
    node
      .attr('cx', function (d) { return d.x; })
      .attr('cy', function (d) { return d.y; });
  }
});
​
function dragStart (d) {
  if (!d3.event.active) forceSim.alphaTarget(0.3).restart();
  d.fx = d.x;
  d.fy = d.y;
}
​
function dragging (d) {
  d.fx = d3.event.x;
  d.fy = d3.event.y;
}
​
function dragEnd (d) {
  if (!d3.event.active) forceSim.alphaTarget(0);
  d.fx = null;
  d.fy = null;
}
​
function distance (d) {
  if (d.source.firstVolume === d.target.firstVolume)
    return 30;
  else return 0.95 * Math.abs(xGravity(d.source.firstVolume) - xGravity(d.target.firstVolume));
}
​
</script>
​
    