Brush & Zoom : ITS Learning Behavior

The Visualization

This work is an exploration of the Brush and Zoom Feature using data from students solving math problems. Scroll within in the main graph to zoom in and out. You can keep track of your place within the graph by looking at the reference line below.

The Data Set

This data set that shows a summary of student behavior during mathematical problem solving within an intelligent tutoring system (ITS). The system records behavior such as time to solve each problem, number of attempts, number of hints shown, and correctness. This data set also has corresponding MCAS scores for each student (MCAS is a state-wide standardized mathematics test for students in Massachusetts).

Data Sources

To access original data from Feng, Heffernan, and Koedinger (2009) see here.

Code Sources

For brushing techniques, forked from EfratVil's block: Brush & Zoom line chart

Original line graph inspired by adry34160's block: 2 - Multiple line graphs with labels

<!DOCTYPE html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<style>

.line1 {
        fill: none;
        stroke: #ffa81e;
   stroke-width: 2px;
  }
   
 .line2 {
        fill: none;
        stroke: #cc4e00;
   stroke-width: 2px;
  }
  .line3 {
        fill: none;
        stroke: #00d161;
   stroke-width: 2px;
  }
   .line4 {
        fill: none;
        stroke: #29c5f9;
   stroke-width: 2px;
  }
   .line5 {
        fill: none;
        stroke: #4377f8;
   stroke-width: 2px;
  }
  
.zoom {
  cursor: move;
  fill: none;
  pointer-events: all;
}

</style>
<script src="legend.js"></script>
<svg width="960" height="500"></svg>
<script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js"></script>
<script>

var svg = d3.select("svg"),
    margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 110, left: 40},
    margin2 = {top: 430, right: 20, bottom: 30, left: 40},
    width = +svg.attr("width") - margin.left - margin.right,
    height = +svg.attr("height") - margin.top - margin.bottom,
    height2 = +svg.attr("height") - margin2.top - margin2.bottom;

var x = d3.scaleLinear().range([0, width]),
    x2 = d3.scaleLinear().range([0, width]),
    y = d3.scaleLinear().range([height, 0]);
  	y2 = d3.scaleLinear().range([height2, 0]);

var xAxis = d3.axisBottom(x),
    xAxis2 = d3.axisBottom(x2),
    yAxis = d3.axisLeft(y);

var brush = d3.brushX()
    .extent([[0, 0], [width, height2]])
    .on("brush end", brushed);

var zoom = d3.zoom()
    .scaleExtent([1, Infinity])
    .translateExtent([[0, 0], [width, height]])
    .extent([[0, 0], [width, height]])
    .on("zoom", zoomed);

var line1 = d3.line()
        .x(function (d) { return x(d.original_count); })
        .y(function (d) { return y(d.MCAS); });

//  sampleCategoricalData = ["Correct","MCAS", "Time", "Attempts", "Hints"]
//  sampleOrdinal = d3.scale.category20().domain(sampleCategoricalData);

//  verticalLegend = d3.svg.legend().labelFormat("none").cellPadding(5).orientation("vertical").units("Things in a List").cellWidth(25).cellHeight(18).inputScale(sampleOrdinal).cellStepping(10);

//  d3.select("svg").append("g").attr("transform", "translate(50,140)").attr("class", "legend").call(verticalLegend);

//  }
//creating line variables
    var Line_chart1 = svg.append("g")
        .attr("class", "focus")
        .attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")")
        .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");

var Line_chart2 = svg.append("g")
        .attr("class", "focus")
        .attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")")
        .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");
  
  	var Line_chart3 = svg.append("g")
        .attr("class", "focus")
        .attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")")
        .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");
  
  	var Line_chart4 = svg.append("g")
        .attr("class", "focus")
        .attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")")
        .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");
  
  	var Line_chart5 = svg.append("g")
        .attr("class", "focus")
        .attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")")
        .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");

//focus and context for zooming
    var focus = svg.append("g")
        .attr("class", "focus")
        .attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");

var context = svg.append("g")
    		.attr("class", "context")
    		.attr("transform", "translate(" + margin2.left + "," + margin2.top + ")");

//getting data
d3.csv("DataViz_MCAS.csv", type, function (error, data) {
  if (error) throw error;

x.domain(d3.extent(data, function(d) { return d.original_count; }));
 	y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function (d) { return d.correct+1; })]);
  x2.domain(x.domain());
  y2.domain(y.domain());

//functions
    focus.append("g")
        .attr("class", "axis axis--x")
        .attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
        .call(xAxis);

focus.append("g")
        .attr("class", "axis axis--y")
        .call(yAxis);

Line_chart1.append("path")
        .datum(data)
        .attr("class", "line1")
        .attr("d", line1a);

context.append("path")
        .datum(data)
        .attr("class", "line1")
        .attr("d", line1a);
  	
  	Line_chart2.append("path")
        .datum(data)
        .attr("class", "line2")
        .attr("d", line2a);
  
  	context.append("path")
        .datum(data)
        .attr("class", "line2")
        .attr("d", line2a);
  
  Line_chart3.append("path")
        .datum(data)
        .attr("class", "line3")
        .attr("d", line3a);
  
  	context.append("path")
        .datum(data)
        .attr("class", "line3")
        .attr("d", line3a);
  
  Line_chart4.append("path")
        .datum(data)
        .attr("class", "line4")
        .attr("d", line4a);
  
  	context.append("path")
        .datum(data)
        .attr("class", "line4")
        .attr("d", line4a);
  
  Line_chart5.append("path")
        .datum(data)
        .attr("class", "line5")
        .attr("d", line5a);
  
  	context.append("path")
        .datum(data)
        .attr("class", "line5")
        .attr("d", line5a);

context.append("g")
      .attr("class", "axis axis--x")
      .attr("transform", "translate(0," + height2 + ")")
      .call(xAxis2);

context.append("g")
      .attr("class", "brush")
      .call(brush)
      .call(brush.move, x.range());

svg.append("rect")
      .attr("class", "zoom")
      .attr("width", width)
      .attr("height", height)
      .attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")")
      .call(zoom);

console.log(data);
});

function brushed() {
  if (d3.event.sourceEvent && d3.event.sourceEvent.type === "zoom") return; // ignore brush-by-zoom
  var s = d3.event.selection || x2.range();
  x.domain(s.map(x2.invert, x2));
  Line_chart1.select(".line1").attr("d", line1);
  Line_chart2.select(".line2").attr("d", line2);
  Line_chart3.select(".line3").attr("d", line3);
  Line_chart4.select(".line4").attr("d", line4);
  Line_chart5.select(".line5").attr("d", line5);
  focus.select(".axis--x").call(xAxis);
  svg.select(".zoom").call(zoom.transform, d3.zoomIdentity
      .scale(width / (s[1] - s[0]))
      .translate(-s[0], 0));
}

function zoomed() {
  if (d3.event.sourceEvent && d3.event.sourceEvent.type === "brush") return; // ignore zoom-by-brush
  var t = d3.event.transform;
  x.domain(t.rescaleX(x2).domain());
  Line_chart1.select(".line1").attr("d", line1);
  Line_chart2.select(".line2").attr("d", line2);
  Line_chart3.select(".line3").attr("d", line3);
  Line_chart4.select(".line4").attr("d", line4);
  Line_chart5.select(".line5").attr("d", line5);
  focus.select(".axis--x").call(xAxis);
  context.select(".brush").call(brush.move, x.range().map(t.invertX, t));
}

function type(d) {
  d.original_count = +d.original_count;
  d.correct = +d.correct;
  d.MCAS = +d.MCAS;
  d.DA_avg_time = +d.DA_avg_time;
  d.DA_avg_attempt = +d.DA_avg_attempt;
  d.DA_avg_hint = +d.DA_avg_hint;
  return d;
}
  
  //Text label for the X Axis
    svg.append("text")
            .attr("x", width/2)
            .attr("y", height + height2+15)
            .style("text-anchor", "middle")
            .text("Number of Problems");
  
  //text for line labels
  svg.append("text")
 //           .attr("transform", "translate(" + (width+3) + "," + y(data.correct) + ")")
            .attr ("dx", "3em")
            .attr("dy", "8em")
            .attr("text-anchor", "start")
            .style("fill", "#cc4e00")
            .text("Correctness");

svg.append("text")
 //           .attr("transform", "translate(" + (width+3) + "," + y(data.MCAS) + ")")
            .attr("dx", "3em")
      			.attr("dy", "12em")
            .attr("text-anchor", "start")
            .style("fill", "#ffa81e")
            .text("MCAS Score");
 svg.append("text")
 //           .attr("transform", "translate(" + (width+3) + "," + y(data.DA_avg_time) + ")")
            .attr("dx", "3em")
   					.attr("dy", "14.5em")
            .attr("text-anchor", "start")
            .style("fill", "#00d161")
            .text("Time");
  svg.append("text")
 //           .attr("transform", "translate(" + (width+3) + "," + y(data.DA_avg_attempt) + ")")
            .attr("dx", "3em")
    				.attr("dy", "17.5em")
            .attr("text-anchor", "start")
            .style("fill", "#29c5f9")
            .text("Errors");
  svg.append("text")
 //           .attr("transform", "translate(" + (width+3) + "," + y(data.DA_avg_hint) + ")")
            .attr("dx", "3em")
    				.attr("dy", "21.5em")
            .attr("text-anchor", "start")
            .style("fill", "#4377f8")
            .text("Hints");

</script>

https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js